Axial piston pump working principle and fault introduction

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It mainly introduces the working principle of the axial piston pump and the treatment method when the equipment fails, so as to eliminate the failure in time.

Introduction of Axial Piston Pump

Axial piston pumps are generally composed of main parts such as cylinder block, oil distribution plate, plunger and swash plate. There are multiple plungers in the cylinder, and the plungers are arranged axially, that is, the center line of the plungers is parallel to the axis of the transmission shaft, so it is called an axial plunger pump. But it is different from the reciprocating plunger pump because its plunger not only reciprocates in the pump cylinder, but also rotates relative to the swash plate with the plunger and pump cylinder. The plunger contacts the swash plate with a spherical end. There are high and low pressure moon-shaped grooves on the oil distribution plate, which are separated from each other by a partition wall to ensure a certain degree of sealing, and they are respectively connected with the oil inlet and outlet of the pump. There is an inclination angle between the axis of the swash plate and the axis of the cylinder body.

Working principle of axial piston pump

The working principle of the axial piston pump is that when the motor drives the transmission shaft to rotate, the pump cylinder and the plunger rotate together, and the plunger head always keeps in contact with the swash plate. Because the swash plate forms an angle with the cylinder body, when the cylinder body rotates, The plunger reciprocates in the pump cylinder. The plunger rotates from 0° to 180°, that is, to the position of the upper plunger, and the volume of the plunger cylinder gradually increases, so the liquid is sucked into the oil cylinder through the oil suction port a of the oil distribution plate; and the plunger rotates from 180° to At 360°, the volume of the plunger cylinder gradually decreases, so the liquid in the cylinder is discharged through the outlet of the oil distribution plate. As long as the drive shaft keeps rotating, the pump works continuously.

Troubleshooting and Elimination of Axial Piston Pump

The pointer of the pressure gauge is unstable when the axial piston pump is working. The wear between the oil distribution plate and the cylinder or the plunger and the cylinder is serious, which makes the internal and external leakage too large. the

Treatment method: check and repair the matching surface between the oil distribution plate and the cylinder body; research and match the single cylinder, replace the plunger; fasten the screws at each joint to eliminate leakage. the

Blockage of the oil inlet pipe, increased oil suction resistance and air leakage may cause the pointer of the pressure gauge to be unstable. the

Treatment method: The oil inlet pipe is blocked, and the liquid flow resistance is large. The oil pipeline can be dredged and the inlet filter can be cleaned, and the connecting screws of the oil inlet pipe section can be checked and tightened to eliminate air leakage. the

Insufficient flow of axial piston pump. The oil level of the fuel tank is too low, the oil pipe and oil filter are clogged or the resistance is too large and air leakage, etc. the

Solution: Check the oil level of the fuel tank. It should be added when insufficient. Oil pipes and filters should be unblocked and cleaned. Check and tighten the screws at each connection to eliminate air leakage. the

Axial piston pump oil leakage is serious. The joints of the oil pump are not well sealed, such as the seal ring is damaged. the

Treatment method: check the seal of each junction of the oil pump, and replace the seal ring. the

Excessive wear between the oil distribution plate and the cylinder or the plunger and the contract body. the

Treatment method: Grinding the contact surface between the oil distribution plate and the cylinder body; researching and matching the cylinder body and the plunger pair.

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